Rice methane MRV · Bengaluru · Singapore

We prove the methane that stayed in the soil.

Rice paddies emit roughly a tenth of all human methane. Draining the field cuts that by half, and farmers save water doing it. Funding stalled for a decade on one missing piece: proof. We built it.

See the evidence Sentinel 1 C‑band · sparse ground truth · plot‑level error bars

Methane is the fastest lever we have. Rice is the biggest one, and it has been stuck on measurement while the agronomy sat solved.

The record

The rice carbon market already collapsed once, on verification.

Rice credits issued before August 2024
4,500,000
after invalidation
Remaining on the market, spring 2025
597

In August 2024 Verra invalidated 37 rice methane projects covering 4.5 million credits, which was 99.9% of every rice credit ever issued, on additionality and verification grounds.

Proof rested on farmer surveys and occasional spot audits across tens of millions of plots smaller than one hectare. Scrutiny broke that evidence base, and registries have moved on from it.

The methodology has since been rebuilt. Rice methane avoidance is now approved by the Integrity Council under Gold Standard, and represents 0.002% of the voluntary carbon market. Demand is committed. Supply sits near zero. Measurement is the one thing standing between them.

The intervention

Drain the field. The methane stops.

Alternate Wetting and Drying means letting the paddy dry periodically instead of holding it flooded all season. Saturated soil starves of oxygen and breeds methanogens. Introduce air and the process halts. A perforated tube in the mud is the entire apparatus.

30–50%less methane released per season
~30%less irrigation water drawn
0yield penalty, and farmers usually come out ahead
~4tCO2e abated per hectare each year under Gold Standard

One of the cheapest large scale climate interventions anywhere. Agronomists have understood it since the 1990s. The farmer was always ready.

Why radar

Rice grows under the monsoon. Optical satellites go blind for months.

Every existing agricultural MRV stack runs on optical imagery, which needs a clear sky. Rice grows under monsoon. C‑band radar transmits its own signal and reads what comes back, so it sees straight through cloud, smoke and darkness. Water bounces the signal away and reads black. A drained field scatters and appears bright. Flooding state is legible in the physics.

Simulated cloud transit over a paddy scene. The left sensor loses the observation. The right sensor holds it.

Method

Four layers.

01

Satellite radar

Sentinel 1 C‑band backscatter detects standing water through cloud at ten metre resolution, revisiting every six to twelve days. Free, public, and continuous since 2014, which means a defensible historical baseline already exists for every paddy in Asia.

02

Sparse ground truth

Low cost water level sensors on a statistically designed subset of plots, placed to maximise information gain across soil, slope and irrigation class. A few hundred sensors speak for a few hundred thousand hectares. This is what collapses cost per hectare by two orders of magnitude.

03

Flux model

Inferred flooding regime converts to methane emissions per plot, calibrated against field measurement and aligned to the approved Gold Standard protocol so the output arrives registry‑ready.

04

Uncertainty quantification

Error propagated from sparse sensors across millions of heterogeneous plots, producing plot level estimates that carry honest confidence bounds. This layer is still open at smallholder scale, and it decides whether a credit issues.

A registry buys one thing. The error bar.

Positioning

Existing MRV was built for a different farm.

Built for
Our target
Field size
200+ hectares
~1 hectare
Sky
Clear
Monsoon cloud
Sensor
Optical
C-band radar
Cost per measurement
Acceptable as is
Must fall ~100×
Verification unit
The farm
The plot

Regrow Ag, Yard Stick and Perennial serve row crop agriculture under clear skies, alongside incumbent manual survey and audit. Their architecture assumes large contiguous fields and optical imagery. Ours starts from one hectare under cloud. That is a different technical problem, which is why moving down market would mean rebuilding from the sensor up.

Market

Ninety million hectares can adopt this.

~90Mhectares of AWD applicable irrigated rice across Asia
~$6Bannual credit pool at 17 dollars per tonne
~$360Mour layer: verification services at roughly $4 per hectare per season
First market

India. Roughly 44 million hectares of rice, majority smallholder operated, average holding near one hectare, grown under heavy monsoon cover. The hardest version of the problem, and the right place to start.

Expansion by 2030

Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Bangladesh and the Philippines. With India, roughly 40 million serviceable hectares and about 160 million dollars.

Who pays

Carbon project developers, farmer producer organisations, agri corporates with rice supply chains, and registries. Bayer, Shell and GenZero have jointly committed to rice methane programmes built on remote sensing verification. Every one of them already holds the farmer relationships.

Revenue

Charged per hectare, per season.

Primary

Verification as a service

Roughly four dollars per hectare each season, scaling down with volume, about six percent of credit value. Predictable, low customer risk, and the model we lead with while reference deployments and unit economics establish themselves.

Expansion

Project origination

Where we originate directly, a share of issued credits targeting ten to twenty percent. Longer cycle, higher ceiling, greater exposure to credit price. Introduced selectively once the service layer proves out.

Where we are

Early, and saying so.

TRL 3. Pre seed. Our Sentinel 1 processing pipeline classifies field level flooding state across a validation district over one full growing season. Ground calibration starts in Q1 2027, our first provisional patent follows in Q2, and partnership conversations are underway. We would sooner tell you exactly where we stand.

Q4 2026Pipeline hardened, second validation district processed
Q1 2027Water level sensors installed, calibration data collection begins
Q2 2027Gold Standard methodology alignment, provisional patent filed on the sparse sampling uncertainty method
Q3 2027First issuance pilot signed with a carbon project developer
Q4 2027Research collaboration formalised with an agricultural institute
Get in touch

The proof is the product.

If you develop rice carbon projects, aggregate smallholders, or buy verified methane reductions, we would like to measure a district with you.

ajinkya@praesidiocare.com Bengaluru · Singapore